Subordinate conjunctions are words that introduce a subordinate clause and are often used to join two independent clauses together. Table of Rules for Subordinate Conjunctions Comma Usage of Subordinate Conjunctions – She looked for him everywhere on the camping grounds. – He went hiking where the group had gone before. Stating a Place → provides context as to where actions might occur these might unspecified places (e.g., wherever you go, where the sea meets the land) – Only if you promise to be careful can you borrow my car. – We can watch the movie if we have enough time. – You can go out tonight, provided that you finish your homework first. Once, only if, even if, if, in case, provided that, and unless Providing Condition → provides a context of when an event will happen it gives rules to be fulfilled for an action to take place – I studied hard so that I could get a good grade on the test. – The doctor rushed to the emergency room because a patient was in critical condition. – He quickly ran since he was late for his meeting. – They introduced him to the family as though he did not already know him.Įxpressing a Cause-and-Effect Relationship → provides a context in the result of something or why a change happened – Frank loved going fishing, although sometimes he would end up catching nothing at all. – She cooked dinner for everyone even though she was tired. Indicating Concession → provides a context between an event and obstacles in the way preventing it to occur – Whereas I prefer to stay at home, my brother likes going out. – Though he was tired, he still went to the gym. – They mourned his death just as they had done for his father. Just as, though, whereas, in contrast to, and while Showing Comparison → provides context for comparison – As soon as Gail leaves the room, I will clean it and arrange the books. → provides a temporal relationship between the independent and dependent clause it answers the question ‘when’Īfter, as soon as, as long as, before, once, still, until, when, whenever, and while The table below explains the function of the different groups of subordinating conjunction: Function of Subordinate Conjunction It leads to mistaking one subordinate conjunction with the other and changing the intended message of your statement or committing a grammatical mistake. One pitfall when using them is being unfamiliar with their meaning and function. Subordinate conjunctions connect two related ideas or clauses that would otherwise not make sense without them. Table on Parts of Complex Sentences Subordinate Conjunctions Rules – I will let you borrow money after you pay your previous dues. – The seller won’t refund the purchase if it’s not broken. – Our school suspended classes because of the storm. → a grammatical structure without a subject-verb unit that cannot stand on its own and relies on an independent clause to complete its meaning → a grammatical structure with a subject-verb unit that has a complete meaning and can stand on its own The table below explains the two parts of a complex sentence: Sentence Structures Subordinate conjunctions are essential in the structure of complex sentences as it signals the start of a dependent clause. Complex sentences contain one independent clause and at least one subordinate clause (or dependent clause) to form a complete sentence. There are four types of sentences according to structures: simple sentence, compound sentence, complex sentence, and compound-complex sentence. She locked all the windows and doors before leaving the house. She decided to take a nap because she was tired,ĥ. As soon as he arrived, he started cooking dinner.Ĥ. We decided to go for a walk although it was raining,ģ. After I finished my homework, I went to the mall.Ģ. Here are a few examples of sentences using subordinate conjunctions:ġ. Examples of subordinate conjunctions include: after, although, as, because, before, if, since, so that, though, unless, until, and when. They introduce subordinate or dependent clauses, which provide additional information to the independent clause. Subordinate conjunctions are words that join two clauses together to form a complex sentence. In this blog, we will discuss the different subordinate conjunctions and how they are used in English, learn the common mistakes and how to avoid them, and test your understanding of the topic. They allow us to combine several thoughts into one sentence, which makes our writing more concise and coherent. This grammar component is essential for expressing complex ideas in English. For example, “after” shows a temporal relationship, while “because” indicates a cause-and-effect relationship. It expresses a variety of relationships between the two clauses. One type of connectives in English grammar is subordinate conjunctions.
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